Clearance Instrument Landing System VOR 
Pilot Institute
JUNE 19, 2025
Precision Runways Precision runways feature at least one precision approach aid at either end of the runway, such as an Instrument Landing System (ILS). Precision runways feature additional markings to assist pilots in determining runway distance and landing areas. The text and numbers are black on a yellow background.
Air Facts
MAY 7, 2025
The longest runways had front course and back course ILS (Instrument Landing Systems) and an on-field VOR that provided navigation and approach capabilities for aircraft on instrument flights. In the 70s, enroute navigation was usually on VOR Airways (Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Radio).
Pilot Institute
FEBRUARY 15, 2025
Before RNAV, pilots had to rely on radios (NAVAIDs) and antennas on the ground such as VORs (Very High-Frequency Omnidirectional Range) and NDBs (Non-Directional Beacons). But these systems had some problems, like not being able to work over water, or if there was something in the way of the transmitter and the aircrafts receiver.
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