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Holding Procedures – Airplane Holding Patterns Easily Explained

Pilot Institute

Usually, it will be a ground-based navigational aid such as a VOR or NDB. For VOR and NDB holding procedures, you’ll have to constantly monitor the audible ident to ensure that the beacon is radiating and providing you with reliable information before entering the hold. The wind is 050° at 25 knots. Our airspeed is 120 knots.

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Azerbaijan Airlines flight 8243: Shot Down Over Grozny

Fear of Landing

The flight crew requested an NDB approach to Grozny and were cleared for approach to runway 26. This strongly indicated GPS jamming, a tactic frequently used by Russian forces to counter Ukrainian drone operations despite being prohibited under international regulations. However, the flight crew were unable to land due to the thick fog.

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