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How to Read an IFR Approach Chart

Pilot Institute

Non-precision approaches (such as a localizer, VOR, LNAV, or NDB) use a Maltese cross for the FAF. This will give you a stabilized, manageable descent to the runway. Precision approaches (such as ILS) use a jagged arrow to mark the FAF. This is the point where you should intercept the ILS glideslope.

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Revenge at 4,000 Feet

Air Facts

Eight of these would be non-precision VOR and fixed-card NDB approaches flown to minimums in a non-radar environment. The propellers stabilized at 2300 rpm, and the roar of 18 cylinders making 900 horsepower assaulted our ears. It was raining moderately in the murk as Jerry intercepted the VOR radial toward Lake of the Ozarks.

NDB