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Wingtip Vortices and Wake Turbulence

Pilot Institute

Vortex size is also affected by proximity to the ground. If youre flying low enough to be in ground effect, the vortex isnt able to fully develop. If youre flying an airplane with a short wingspan, you should do everything you can to avoid severe wake turbulence. This phenomenon is called Ground Effect.

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Accident Briefs—July 2025

Plane and Pilot

The pilot said he refueled the airplane the day before the accident and checked the fuel level during his preflight inspection the following morning. The postaccident examination of the airplane was compromised by the saltwater damage to the engine. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing.

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Quiz: Understanding Aircraft Performance

Flight Training Central

Airplane performance can be defined as the capability of an airplane to operate effectively while serving a specific purpose. What is ground effect? The result of an alteration in airflow patterns increasing induced drag about the wings of an airplane. Determine the approximate landing ground roll distance.

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2025 Richard Collins Writing Prize Runner-Up: Tailstrikes and Tiedowns

Air Facts

The airspeed indicator registered 55 knots, close to the Cessna 172s stall speed. Just before touching down, I checked my airspeed and the pit in my stomach deepened: 85 knots far above the 172s normal landing speed of 65 knots. Time seemed to freeze as I floated in ground effect.

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How to Make a Perfect Soft Field Landing Every Time

Pilot Institute

Hold this extra power as you enter ground effect. Low-wing aircraft perform better in ground effect because of the wing’s proximity to the ground. Once you enter ground effect, too much speed will cause the aircraft to float or balloon. Check out How to Perfect Your Airplane Landings.

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How to Master Slow Flight (Step-By-Step)

Pilot Institute

The stall warning horn sounds at least 5 knots above the actual stall speed. Since you need to fly without triggering the warning, select a target airspeed of about 2 to 5 knots more. Your target airspeed should be 5 knots above the speed that triggers the stall warning horn. Turbulent air will require a larger airspeed margin.

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Coast Guard Clears Ground-Effect Flying Boat For Certification Testing

AV Web

Regent Viceroy The Coast Guard has approved crewed testing of the wing-in-ground-effect Regent Viceroy seaglider and the company is anticipating a speedy trip to certification. The Russians have been dabbling in ground-effect aircraft (or boats) for decades and have made some huge examples.