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Mach Number Explained: What It Is and Why Pilots Use It

Pilot Institute

For most aircraft with highly cambered wings or thick profiles, airflow accelerates over the top of the wing. The result is a region of separated, turbulent flow behind the shock. What happens if an aircraft in coffin corner hits turbulence? So you might be flying at, say, Mach 0.85

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Everything You Need To Know About Ailerons

Pilot Institute

These control surfaces dictate the aircraft’s roll, and this allows it to bank smoothly through turns or even recover from turbulence. The asymmetry between the top and bottom surface of the wing is called wing camber. But theres much more to ailerons than just rolling left or right. What Is Aircraft Stability?

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The Most Misunderstood Aerodynamic Concepts

Flight Training Central

Looking at the curvature or camber of a typical general aviation wing, the top has more curvature and thus surface area than the bottom of the wing. This includes the displacement of the air by the aircraft, turbulence generated in the airstream, or a hindrance of air moving over the surface of the aircraft and airfoil.